Music History

Want to learn how to write spooky, disturbing music? Then read this.

Halloween is coming up, so thoughts turn to playlists of scary, spooky music. But what makes a song that way? A long musical tradition that goes back to singing medieval monks. From Quartz:

Let’s face it. When it comes to creating a creepy Halloween atmosphere, the modern pop canon doesn’t have much to work with. Fortunately, ye olde Europeans liked their music a lot more chilling than “Thriller.” In fact, during the 18th century, it was composers like Franz Liszt and Richard Wagner who truly cracked the code of creepiness. The sonic dread they pioneered involved two key ingredients that horror movies and metal bands still use today: a forbidden sequence of notes known as “Satan in music,” and a spooky little ditty that Gregorian monks sang about the apocalypse.

Back in the Middle Ages, most Western music was written in praise of God—and was therefore supposed to sound pleasant. For composers of the day, that wasn’t a huge constraint. Take a C major scale—i.e. just the white keys on the piano—plunk out any two-note combination, and you’ll find they’re all holy ghost-grade harmonies.

Except one.

Played in sequence or together, the notes F and B clash in a way that feels twitchy, unnatural, and foreboding. (If you don’t have a keyboard handy, think of the first two notes of Jimi Hendrix’s “Purple Haze” or Metallica’s “Enter Sandman”—or American police sirens.)

It’s this interval that folks in the dark ages and the Renaissance called diablous in musica—literally, ”Satan in music.” Modern music theorists know it as the tritone (as well as a diminished fifth, or an augmented fourth), though it’s also called the devil’s interval or the devil’s triad.

Keep reading.

Alan Cross

is an internationally known broadcaster, interviewer, writer, consultant, blogger and speaker. In his 40+ years in the music business, Alan has interviewed the biggest names in rock, from David Bowie and U2 to Pearl Jam and the Foo Fighters. He’s also known as a musicologist and documentarian through programs like The Ongoing History of New Music.

Alan Cross has 38005 posts and counting. See all posts by Alan Cross

10 thoughts on “Want to learn how to write spooky, disturbing music? Then read this.

  • You are right when it comes to creating a creepy and tense atmosphere, just remember the great music. In fact, it is not so easy to write a song that will sound good, fit the film or place. It is a tough task. Thank you for looking into this so well. It’s very exciting, I didn’t know that such an interval used to be called “Satan in music” – it’s very funny, isn’t it?:))
    All the best to you!

    Reply
  • The blog post is great. If you want to learn how to write spooky, disturbing music, then, read the article. The article says that ‘Back in the Middle Ages, most Western music was written in praise of God—and was therefore supposed to sound pleasant. For composers of the day, that wasn’t a huge constraint.’

    Reply
  • Great article. Fear is directly related to evolution: a developed limbic system gave us a rich gamut of emotions. Sometimes they may seem useless, but a wide range of fears indicates a high ability to survive. So do not hesitate to startle, coming to the next horror. And remember that the team of movie makers used all possible tools to make you crypto. Including composers: their work is not always noticeable, and this makes the blood freeze even more. If you are an attentive skeptic, then immediately pay attention to that very disturbing music. Good luck!

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